Booking Appointments Now! Little OTTERS Pediatric Occupational Therapy Clinic
Fine Motor Skills
Visual Perceptual/Visual Motor Skills
Sensory Integration
Basic Sensory Feeding Intervention TR-eat model
Fine Motor Skills are defined as: Fine motor skills are the types of activities that involve you to use the small muscles in your hands and wrists to make precise movements. Examples of activities which require fine motor skills include; turning door knobs and locks, dressing that involves buttoning, zipping, snaps, buckles, and tying laces. Additionally fine motor skills are needed for feeding activities such as picking up small pieces of food like cheerios, using fork spoon and knife, and pouring drinks and condiments. Fine Motor skills are also needed for certain academic tasks in school including handwriting, cutting and pasting, using a mouse pad, coloring, drawing as well as turning the pages of a book. Play is also a area where fine motor skills are needed such as building with Legos/Construction Toys, stringing beads, connecting pieces of a puzzle, and board games
Some Fine Motor Skills we can improve:
Handwriting
Motor Planning
Strength and Coordination
Self Care Skills
Visual Perceptual Skills encompasses a variety of skills that each play a role in how our brain communicates with our eyes. These include; Visual Discrimination: Visual discrimination is the ability to recognize similarities and differences between shapes, size, colors, objects and patterns. Visual Memory: Visual memory is the ability to immediately recall what the eye has seen. This skill allows us to remember what a letter, shape, symbol, object or form looked like which is crucial for learning and activities of daily living. Visual Spatial Relationships: Visual spatial relationship is the ability to visually perceive two or more objects in relation to each other and to yourself. Visual Form Constancy: Form constancy is a visual perceptual skill that allows you to understand that a letter, form, shape, object stays the same even when it changes it size, position or is in a different environment. Visual Sequential Memory: Visual sequential memory is the ability to remember and recall a sequence of objects and/or events in the correct order. Visual Figure Ground: Figure ground perception is the ability to filter visual information that is not important so that you can focus on the relevant visual information. This allows us to find the detailed visual information even when it is part of a busy background. Visual Closure: Visual closure is a visual perceptual skill that allows you to know what an object is even when the object is only partially visible.
Visual Motor Integration is a skill set which involves many underlying skills such as visual perception, motor control, and eye-hand coordination. To explain it functionally Visual Motor Integration is the ability to translate a visual image, into an accurate motor action. For example a child is playing baseball for his little league team the child sees the ball coming therefore moves the mitt to catch the ball. Visual motor integration is essential for the development of fine motor skills.
Sensory integration therapy is used to help children learn to use all their senses together – these sensory stimuli include touch, smell, taste, sight, hearing, vestibular, and proprioception.
Vestibular Sense is the movement and balance sense. It not only gives us information about where our body and head are in space but is also the sense that helps us stay upright when we sit, stand, and walk.
Proprioception Sense is the body awareness sense, it tells us where our body parts are relative to each other. It is also the sense that gives us information about how much force to use, allowing us to do something like write on paper without applying so much force it rips through the paper.
4 Sensory Types include:
Sensory Sensitivity: Sensitive, easily overwhelmed and hyperaware of sensory stimuli.
Sensory Avoiding: Retreats away from sensory stimuli to try to regulate sensory system.
Low Sensory Registration: Under responsive or misses sensory stimuli.
Sensory Seeking: Seeks out sensory stimuli, may look like spinning, jumping, and crashing into things.
Some signs your child might have a sensory processing disorder include being overly sensitive or under reactive to touch, movement, sights, or sound, unusually high or low activity level, easily distracted by lights or sounds, coordination problems; appears clumsy or awkward, poor body awareness, appears to be disorganized most of the time, difficulty with transitions between activities, and lack of self-control, including difficulty calming self once “wound up”
As a Occupational Therapist I recently completed training through the Pediatric Feeding Institute, which practices the Treatment (TR-eat®) model. This model is designed to integrate oral motor therapy techniques and behavioral management for the treatment of complex feeding problems.
According to their website Pediatricfeedinginstitute.com the course will cover innovative strategies, using video case examples, to address oral aversion, food refusal, poor transition onto solid foods, texture grading, learning to chew, self feeding and feeding difficulties related to autism and picky eaters. It is relevant for infants and children through school age.
Some signs your child might have a feeding disorder include: Refuses to eat and drink, Cries or fusses when feeding, Avoids foods with certain textures, smells, colors. Gags when new foods enter mouth or are attempted to be swallowed, having a limited food variety.